100 Soruda İktisadi Doktrinler Tarihi: Mehmet Selik'in Eseri [PDF İndir]

What is iktisadi doktrinler tarihi?

Iktisadi doktrinler tarihi is a Turkish term that can be translated as "the history of economic doctrines" or "the history of economic thought". It is a branch of economics that studies the evolution of ideas, theories, concepts, principles, and paradigms that have shaped the understanding and practice of economic activities throughout history. It is also a discipline that examines the social, political, cultural, and intellectual contexts that have influenced the development and dissemination of economic doctrines.

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The meaning and scope of iktisadi doktrinler tarihi

The difference between iktisadi doktrinler tarihi and iktisat tarihi

Some people may confuse iktisadi doktrinler tarihi with iktisat tarihi, which means "the history of economics" or "economic history". However, these two terms are not synonymous. Iktisat tarihi is a field that focuses on the empirical analysis of the historical patterns, trends, events, institutions, and outcomes of economic activities in different regions, countries, and periods. It uses quantitative and qualitative methods to measure and explain the changes in economic variables such as production, consumption, trade, income, wealth, prices, wages, etc. Iktisadi doktrinler tarihi, on the other hand, is a field that concentrates on the theoretical analysis of the historical origins, evolution, diversity, similarities, differences, conflicts, and interactions of economic ideas, doctrines, schools, and movements. It uses logical and critical methods to evaluate and compare the assumptions, arguments, implications, validity, consistency, coherence, relevance, and influence of economic doctrines.

The main sources and methods of iktisadi doktrinler tarihi

The historical development of iktisadi doktrinler tarihi

The ancient and medieval periods

The Greek and Roman thinkers

The earliest traces of iktisadi doktrinler tarihi can be found in the writings of the ancient Greek and Roman philosophers, such as Plato, Aristotle, Xenophon, Cicero, Seneca, etc. They discussed various economic topics such as the nature and origin of wealth, the division of labor, the role of money, the forms of exchange, the types of goods, the functions of markets, the ethics of trade, the justice of distribution, the causes of poverty, etc. They also proposed different economic models and policies for their ideal societies, such as the Republic, the Politics, the Oeconomicus, the De Officiis, etc. However, they did not develop a systematic and coherent economic doctrine, but rather expressed their economic views in relation to their broader philosophical and political visions.

The Islamic and Scholastic scholars

The next stage of iktisadi doktrinler tarihi can be seen in the writings of the Islamic and Scholastic scholars, such as Ibn Khaldun, Al-Ghazali, Al-Mawardi, Thomas Aquinas, Albertus Magnus, Jean Buridan, etc. They explored various economic topics such as the nature and sources of value, the role and functions of money, the effects of interest and usury, the laws of supply and demand, the factors of production and distribution, the ethics and morality of economic activities, etc. They also applied different economic principles and rules for their religious and legal systems, such as the Shariah, the Canon Law, etc. However, they did not develop a distinct and independent economic doctrine, but rather integrated their economic views within their theological and juridical frameworks.

The modern period

The mercantilist and physiocratic doctrines

etc. They examined various economic topics such as the nature and role of trade, the balance of payments, the accumulation of money and capital, the regulation of commerce and industry, the taxation and expenditure of the state, the productivity and fertility of land, the circulation and reproduction of wealth, etc. They also advocated different economic policies and strategies for their national and regional interests, such as protectionism, mercantilism, Colbertism, laissez-faire, physiocracy, etc. They developed the first systematic and coherent economic doctrines that aimed to explain and improve the economic conditions of their societies.

The classical and neoclassical schools

the Elements of Pure Economics, etc. They developed the most influential and dominant economic doctrines that aimed to establish and advance the science of economics.

The Marxist and institutionalist approaches

The next challenge of iktisadi doktrinler tarihi can be attributed to the Marxist and institutionalist economists, such as Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, Vladimir Lenin, Thorstein Veblen, John R. Commons, John Maynard Keynes, etc. They explored various economic topics such as the nature and contradictions of capitalism, the exploitation and alienation of labor, the class struggle and social change, the role and functions of institutions and organizations, the evolution and adaptation of economic systems, the uncertainty and instability of markets, the role and functions of money and credit, etc. They also suggested different economic alternatives and solutions for their social and political goals, such as socialism, communism, revolution, reform, regulation, intervention, etc. They developed the most critical and radical economic doctrines that aimed to criticize and transform the economic conditions of their societies.

The contemporary period

The Keynesian and monetarist theories

Robert Lucas, etc. They examined various economic topics such as the nature and causes of unemployment, inflation, and growth, the role and functions of fiscal and monetary policies, the expectations and rationality of economic agents, the efficiency and stability of markets and prices, the trade-offs and conflicts between macroeconomic objectives, the role and functions of central banks and governments, etc. They also advocated different economic policies and strategies for their theoretical and empirical reasons, such as deficit spending, stimulus packages, aggregate demand management, money supply control, inflation targeting, monetary rules, etc. They developed the most popular and controversial economic doctrines that aimed to explain and solve the economic problems of their societies.

The heterodox and pluralist perspectives

such as the Theory of Economic Development, the Theory of Imperfect Competition, the Theory of Production of Commodities by Means of Commodities, the Theory of Human Development, the Theory of Collective Action, the Kicking Away the Ladder, etc. They developed the most diverse and pluralist economic doctrines that aimed to enrich and broaden the scope of economics.

The importance and relevance of iktisadi doktrinler tarihi

The benefits of studying iktisadi doktrinler tarihi

Studying iktisadi doktrinler tarihi can have many benefits for students, researchers, policy makers, and anyone who is interested in economics. Some of these benefits are:

• It can help to understand the historical origins and evolution of economic ideas and doctrines, and how they have influenced and been influenced by the economic conditions and events of different times and places.

• It can help to appreciate the diversity and complexity of economic thought, and how different economic thinkers have addressed and answered similar or different economic questions and problems.

• It can help to evaluate and compare the strengths and weaknesses of different economic doctrines, and how they have contributed or failed to contribute to the advancement of economic knowledge and practice.

• It can help to develop a critical and creative thinking skills, and how to apply them to analyze and solve current and future economic issues and challenges.

The challenges and limitations of iktisadi doktrinler tarihi

Studying iktisadi doktrinler tarihi can also have some challenges and limitations for students, researchers, policy makers, and anyone who is interested in economics. Some of these challenges and limitations are:

• It can be difficult to access and interpret the original writings of economic thinkers, especially if they are written in different languages, styles, formats, etc.

• It can be difficult to reconstruct and contextualize the historical circumstances and backgrounds that have shaped and affected the development and dissemination of economic ideas and doctrines.

• It can be difficult to avoid bias and prejudice when studying and evaluating different economic doctrines, especially if they are related to one's own personal or professional interests or preferences.

• It can be difficult to integrate and synthesize different economic doctrines into a coherent and comprehensive framework that can explain and address the complexity and diversity of economic phenomena.

The future prospects of iktisadi doktrinler tarihi

Studying iktisadi doktrinler tarihi can also have some future prospects for students, researchers, policy makers, and anyone who is interested in economics. Some of these prospects are:

and explaining economic phenomena.

• It can help to foster and promote a dialogue and collaboration among different economic thinkers and schools that can enrich and broaden the scope of economics.

• It can help to inspire and generate new or innovative economic ideas and doctrines that can contribute to the advancement of economic knowledge and practice.

• It can help to educate and inform the public and policy makers about the history and diversity of economic thought, and how it can inform and guide their economic decisions and actions.

Conclusion

Iktisadi doktrinler tarihi is a fascinating and important field of economics that studies the history of economic ideas and doctrines. It can help us to understand the past, appreciate the present, and anticipate the future of economics. It can also help us to develop our critical and creative thinking skills, and to apply them to analyze and solve economic issues and challenges. However, it also has some challenges and limitations that we need to be aware of and overcome. Therefore, we need to study iktisadi doktrinler tarihi with an open mind, a curious spirit, and a critical attitude.

FAQs

• What is iktisadi doktrinler tarihi?

Iktisadi doktrinler tarihi is a Turkish term that means "the history of economic doctrines" or "the history of economic thought". It is a branch of economics that studies the evolution of economic ideas, theories, concepts, principles, and paradigms throughout history.

• What is the difference between iktisadi doktrinler tarihi and iktisat tarihi?

Iktisat tarihi means "the history of economics" or "economic history". It is a field that focuses on the empirical analysis of the historical patterns, trends, events, institutions, and outcomes of economic activities in different regions, countries, and periods. Iktisadi doktrinler tarihi, on the other hand, is a field that concentrates on the theoretical analysis of the historical origins, evolution, diversity, similarities, differences, conflicts, and interactions of economic ideas, doctrines, schools, and movements.

• What are some of the main sources and methods of iktisadi doktrinler tarihi?

and critical methods to evaluate and compare the assumptions, arguments, implications, validity, consistency, coherence, relevance, and influence of economic doctrines.

• What are some of the main stages and schools of iktisadi doktrinler tarihi?

Some of the main stages and schools of iktisadi doktrinler tarihi are:

• The ancient and medieval periods, which include the Greek and Roman thinkers and the Islamic and Scholastic scholars.

• The modern period, which include the mercantilist and physiocratic doctrines, the classical and neoclassical schools, and the Marxist and institutionalist approaches.

• The contemporary period, which include the Keynesian and monetarist theories, and the heterodox and pluralist perspectives.

• What are some of the benefits and challenges of studying iktisadi doktrinler tarihi?

Some of the benefits of studying iktisadi doktrinler tarihi are:

• It can help to understand the historical origins and evolution of economic ideas and doctrines.

• It can help to appreciate the diversity and complexity of economic thought.

• It can help to evaluate and compare the strengths and weaknesses of different economic doctrines.

• It can help to develop critical and creative thinking skills.

Some of the challenges of studying iktisadi doktrinler tarihi are:

• It can be difficult to access and interpret the original writings of economic thinkers.

• It can be difficult to reconstruct and contextualize the historical circumstances and backgrounds of economic ideas and doctrines.

• It can be difficult to avoid bias and prejudice when studying and evaluating different economic doctrines.

• It can be difficult to integrate and synthesize different economic doctrines into a coherent and comprehensive framework.